Robinsin Crusoe Essays - Fiction, English-language Films

Robinsin Crusoe A book audit of Daniel Defoe's: Robinson Crusoe Robinson Crusoe is a nonexistent tale about a vendor experience marooned on a remote location off the northern shore of South America. Daniel Defoe composed this novel in 1719.He put together the story halfway with respect to the encounters of a Scottish mariner, Alexander Selkirk, however defoe's reasonable record of Crusoe resembles is significantly more fascinating, and has gotten one of the most famous books in English. The book clarifies how Crusoe keenly figures out how to make himself at home while he lives on the island. From my perspective the one of a kind part that associates now in the story is that in the wake of living alone for a long time, Crusoe salvages a man from savages. He calls the man Friday since he met him on that day. Friday turns into Crusoe's confided in companion and hireling. The term, man Friday has come to mean any confided in worker. At last following 28 years, Crusoe and Friday board a passing boat and are taken to England. Robinson Crusoe is a vivacious, energizing book that clear the peruser away in to stunning world. In spite of the fact that the English of the book is old design, in all seriousness! A Close: (round out the spaces with a couple of words) ROBINSON CRUSOE Robinson Crusoe has consistently been one of the well known books in the English language. I accept that the to the reality above is that Robinson Crusoe is one of the reasonable books that were ever distributed. During the novel plot creates, portrays occasions and scenes in incredible detail and them appear to be alive. The destiny of has held an exceptional interest for me. As I watch Crusoe battle to endure alone on a Island , I pot myself in his place and marvel to what extent I would have lived in such brutal . Would I be able to, as Crusoe, have started to assemble over again life for myself? Or on the other hand would hunger and the horrible dejection have decimated all expectation in my , and driven me towards franticness? As individual that delighted in all his from ease and extravagance, discovered this novel intriguer. Some state that in circumstances individuals finds in themselves inward quality that they thought about previously. In the wake of perusing this book I that it truth. Book Reports

Influence of Motivation on Job Performance

Question: Examine about theInfluence of Motivation on Job Performance. Answer: Presentation Because of the impact of globalization, there has been progression in the field of innovation. These progressions in the innovation took the business to its statures by requesting more effectiveness and efficiency in the business. The upgrades in the productivity in business are the resultant of the expansion in exhibitions that will help in meeting the difficulties to take the business ahead in the opposition. Subsequently the expansion in the presentation of the workers of the association is a lot of significant for improving results for the advancement of the association (Buchanan, 2012). That is the explanation work execution can be better depicted as the vital piece of the mental state of the association. It tends to be said as the exhibition of the representatives in the association which is straightforwardly identified with the result of the association. According to Karen Jacobs et al., work execution can be depicted as the specific activity of a person in the fulfillment of the errand or occupation. He has characterized work execution as the way toward arriving at the objective of a person inside its activity job in an association (Dent Whitehead, 2013). Also, work exhibitions were supposed to be singular ward by Campbell. He portrayed that the presentation of a person in an association is something that should be possible by that individual just for the accomplishment of progress. Idea of Motivation Inspiration is the word demonstrating different implications as per the unique circumstance and circumstance. In this unique circumstance, the idea of inspiration is the activity taken by the higher authorities of the association to have the support in the representatives of that association. So inspiration is such an activity, that makes the person to get a thought process to follow up on the work. According to the investigation of Garrison et al., inspiration can characterize as the specific characteristic that gives the nature of whether to do or not to accomplish a specific work (Owusu, 2012). At the end of the day, Guay et al. have characterized the inspiration as the term that is some way or another implied the reasons that show the conduct. Be that as it may, while experiencing the authoritative setting or working environment, the term inspiration has been characterized as the conduct of a person in the association for having a reason to accomplish some specific needs of the a ssociation by Williams (Onanda, 2015). Likewise, some different creators had portrayed it as the power that drives the individual or the representative in satisfying the objectives of the association. The measure of inspiration inside the workers makes the satisfaction of the dedication of the association at the same time giving them their distinguishing proof in that association (Muogbo, 2013). The accomplishment of the objectives of the association makes the association of the representatives with the association awesome. In detail, it very well may be said that the inspiration in the workers of the association makes up the interests of the representatives for their activity which improves the activity exhibitions that expands the result of the association. That is the explanation inspiration can likewise be characterized as the movement that essentially worries about the mentalities of the individual or worker which offers ascend to the activity of finish of objectives. Effect of Motivation on Job Performances Associations for the most part face an exceptionally solid condition of weight in the serious market to complete the productivity in the items and to get back the estimation of the item. Thus, the workers of that association make up their confidence in the fruition of objectives to upgrade the estimation of the association (Kleinbeck, 1987). Because of this, the workers experience an inspirational procedure which makes them change their demeanor in the fulfillment of the errand or employment. This procedure will likewise take up as per the general inclination of the workers in their activity job. To clarify this connection of inspiration with the activity exhibitions or the effect of inspiration on work exhibitions, there is the presence of such hypothesis. Such a hypothesis is the Maslows Hierarchy of Needs. This specific hypothesis has been defined in the year 1943 in the paper A Theory of Human Motivation by the analyst Abraham Maslow. He had depicted in his hypothesis with respect to the focal point of the business on the fundamental needs of the workers which will cause them to feel persuaded (Buchanan, 2012). It was examined in the hypothesis that if the requirements of the representatives had been satisfied it will make them earnest in accomplishing the objectives of the association and taking the association to more significant levels. Therefore, Maslow in is hypothesis made a pecking order of the necessities of the workers which are required to get satisfied. Those are the physiological needs, wellbeing needs, love or having a place needs, regard needs, and self-real ization needs. This progressive system of requirements is masterminded in such a request, that it meets all the fundamental needs of the person. Physiological necessities conceal the requirements those required by the people for endurance. Similarly, the wellbeing, regard, and love or having a place needs take the matter of protections alongside feeling sure about the association and satisfying the individual needs separately. The last one is the self-completion which implies the satisfaction of the craving of the representative to accomplish the each conceivable objective as much as possible for better results of the association (Dent Whitehead, 2013). The consummation of the various leveled base of requirements of the worker of an association makes an acceptable situation inside the association. This fulfillment inside the worker propels them to buckle down with certainty for the accomplishment of the objectives. Accordingly the hypothesis of Maslow Hierarchy has demonstrated that the inspiration in the workers came out from the fulfillment of the representatives in their activity job which makes a positive effect hands on exhibitions of the workers. There must be the activity of the inspiration of representatives inside the association which will be useful in producing the diminished measure of exhibitions (Jiang et al., 2012). The roused workers were a lot of mindful of their self-completion and kept their activities reliable with accomplishing the objectives of the organization. Thus it tends to be said that there is having a lot of impact of inspiration hands on exhibitions of the representatives of the association. Connection Between Motivation and Job Performance Inspiration and employment execution both in a blend works out for the development of the association. Diaries Subtleties OF THE JOURNALS Onanda, B., 2015. The Effects of Motivation on Job Performance A Case Study of KCB Coast Region.International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications. The article shows the contextual analysis and its aftereffects of the examinations that have been never really out the impact of inspirational procedure on the exhibitions of the association. Muogbo, U.S., 2013. The Influence of Motivation on Employees Performance: A Study of Some Selected Firms in Anambra State.AFRREV IJAH: An International Journal of Arts and Humanities,2(3), pp.134-151. The article focussing towards the impact of inspiration upon the exhibitions of the representatives of some of chose types of Anambra State (Muogbo, 2013). Kleinbeck, U., 1987. The impacts of inspiration on work execution. InMotivation, aim, and volition(pp. 261-271). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. The article experiences the documentation basing upon the writing work which is demonstrating the impacts of the inspiration on the representatives of the association and which guides the procedure prompting activity of exhibitions in representatives. Owusu, T., 2012.EFFECTS OF MOTIVATION ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE: A CASE STUDY OF GHANA COMMERCIAL BANK, KUMASI ZONE(Doctoral exposition, Institute of Distance Learning, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology). This article focuses towards the procedure of satisfaction of the objectives of the association. It is referenced in the article in regards to the requests of the representative to upgrade their inspiration that will expand their exhibitions . Uzonna, U.R., 2013. Effect of inspiration on representatives' exhibition: A contextual investigation of CreditWest Bank Cyprus.Journal of Economics and International Finance,5(5), p.199. The article referenced here spotlight on the working methodology of the administration that will upgrade the procedure of representative inspiration which will in the end increment the activity execution by fulfilling the workers of the association (Uzonna, U.R., 2013). In the primary article, Belly Onanda had experienced an examination on the representatives of an association. There he had chosen not many branches, i.e, 7 KCB branches in the nation of Mombasa, where he had examined the impact of the persuasive exercises. The impact of these persuasive exercises had been checked to assess the exhibitions of the representatives of that association. Along these lines the examination that the creator did here demonstrated that the association is experiencing numerous endeavors which will make their workers spurred which will transform the diminished exhibitions into expanded one. Consequently the investigation that the creator had completed made incredible accomplishments by having inspiration with the workers which will make the association to make their remain among the contenders by improving the exhibitions. Additionally, in the subsequent article, the writer US Muogbo had experienced the subtleties of the persuasive exercises that are having their significance in improving inspiration. In this article, writer had talked about in insight about the inherent and outward inspiration which influences the exhibitions of the workers in its own specific manners. The creator in this examination took the number of inhabitants in around 100 laborers working in the assembling types of State of Anambra (Muogbo, 2013). The work in this article is significantly associated with portraying the insights of

All the Worlds a Stage by William Shakespeare free essay sample

All The Worlds a Stage by William Shakespeare All The Worlds a Stage by William Shakespeare is a short sonnet contrasting our lives and the numerous stages we have to a dramatic play and the numerous rolls a through throughout everyday life. Outset, the phase where he is an infant acquainted with the world, crying and vomiting in the medical caretakers arms. Adolescence, this is where he is growing up and beginning school with no energy. The sweetheart, this is where he has a fancy woman and experiences passionate feelings for her, while he attempts to sing her a melody he cannot investigate her eyes since hes so shy.The officer Is the point at which he attempts to keep his notoriety pivoting less of himself and a greater amount of others, and continually being prepared to battle. The equity stage is the place he has picked up intelligence and success by the numerous encounters he had throughout everyday life. The mature age stage is the point at which he starts to lose his appeal genuinely and intellectually, he additionally loses his solidness and character. At long last. Physical and mental lose and demise, he starts to get subject to others like a kid and needs consistent assistance from others to play out any errands; he gradually loses his teeth, visual perception, and taste, until he at last dies.In this paper I will dissect the way William Shakespeare amperes a people life and Its numerous phases to a showy stage and the numerous rolls and entertainer plays out, his tone, how he utilizes express subtleties, symbolism, reiteration, consonance, and some other allegorical language he utilizes in this sonnet. Tone The tone in this sonnet as I would like to think is that William Shakespeare feels as though everybody winds up the manner in which individuals do Just in light of the fact that we as a whole experience life as though we were on-screen characters on a phase perusing a content realizing each progression to take till the very end.He Is tolerating of death, he realizes that everybody experiences each and every phase of life expecting they now what do to do straightaway, however nobody truly does. I reached this resolution since Shakespeare shows no sort of outrage or fervor all through the sonnet. He is impartial; he Is neither terrified of death nor amped up for It. He feels as though everybody has a reason throughout everyday life and to find that reason you need to experience each stage. It doesnt matter how sure you are, the way enthusiastically you attempt, or how quick you traverse each stage, everybody will consistently end a similar way, dying.Shakespeare realizes you can't skirt this piece of life regardless of what your identity is. One can just appreciate the time you have and trust that your opportunity will come. He sees no ones life is completely finished until you experience your last phase of life and kick the bucket. Symbolism William Shakespeare utilizes a great deal of solid visual symbolism however out his sonnet. In line 7-9 one can imagine a young man in the first part of the day, worn out and gradually hauling himself to class with his travel bag, when he says the whaling student, with his handbag and sparkling morning face, crawling like a snail reluctantly to class. Another feeling of solid symbolism is in line 5-6, when he says from the outset, the newborn child, mewling and vomiting In the attendants arms. In this line one can undoubtedly picture a medical caretaker holding a child ho Just came into this world just because, crying, wriggling, and vomiting In her arms. In line 9-11 William Shakespeare says the sweetheart moaning like heater, with a 1 OFF his fancy woman a tune like sonnet to communicate his affection to her, however his too timid to even consider looking her in the eyes while he sings to her. William Shakespeare utilizes the whole sonnet All the Worlds a Stage as an alle gory to contrast the phases of existence with a dramatic stage.He clarifies how the moves we play for the duration of our lives resemble the rolls an entertainer plays in front of an audience. He makes a point to state that nobody is ever a similar individual their whole life, Just s an on-screen character doesnt remain the equivalent all through a play. William Shakespeare utilizes solid symbolism and analogy in the sonnet for us to picture pictures each stage and how we change all through them as we read. Sound is a major piece of this sonnet, since he utilizes a particular structure, some rhyme and reiteration. The structure of this sonnet is significant in light of the fact that each stage is in order.He goes from baby, to student, to darling, to trooper, to Justice, to mature age, lastly passing. For ones life to begin you should be naturally introduced to this world as a newborn child; at that point you gradually develop into a student, become a sweetheart and afterward an officer ring to keep your notoriety. You gain knowledge and Justice and afterward you develop into mature age where you lose your appearance genuinely and intellectually. Ultimately you become subject to other people and in the end your life is finished. This sonnet additionally has some rhyme in it yet very little. You won't discover rhyme in the equivalent line.In line 7 he utilizes the word crying and in line 8 he utilizes the word trying to please the student, which the two words rhyme with one another. He doesnt want to need to rhyme such a great amount in this sonnet for one to completely comprehend the illustration he is passing on. He likewise utilizes reiteration in the last line of the sonnet. As he says sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans all that he rehashes sans to tell you he has lost his teeth, eyes, taste, everything as he kicks the bucket. Subject The topic to All the Worlds a Stage as I would like to think is make every second count with no regrets.Everyone ought to have their own life, and do their own thing. Nobody ought to have a similar schedule each and every day, that is exhausting. Be unconstrained, do things youd never envision doing. Youd be shocked at the numerous things one can do in this world at any age; we Just must be happy to leave our customary range of familiarity and let free. One ought not let someone else assume control over their life in any way, shape or form. We ought to have control of it, and have the option to do what we need when we need, and not need to request authorization. Not every person experiences each phase of life simultaneously, it shouldnt matter how old one is. One ought to consistently have the opportunity to chuckle and make some great memories whenever regardless. In this sonnet it is certain that William Shakespeare needs you to see how one experiences life. One ordinarily experiences life settling on decisions behind decisions, living off your choices and its outcomes. We each have our own standard we follow step by step, regardless of whether we dont consistently notice it.Its as though were a character in a play and we follow a content we remember each day, until something surprising occurs and our job changes. We need to suit the new circumstance into our calendar and attempt to make it work. We likewise have the opportunity to crush in some fun and live. We will in general astonishment ourselves now and again to stir up our lives a bit. In the event that you experience as long as you can remember suspecting consider the possibility that isnt solid, you have to face a challenge and toss yourself out there. Have some good times and carry on with your life while you despite everything have it.

2018 College Admission Rates

2018 College Admission Rates: Is Getting Into College Harder Than Ever Before? The results from the 2017-18 admissions cycle are still rolling in, but the data available thus far sends one very clear message—acceptance rates at highly-selective colleges are dwindling.Ivy League results The numbers at Ivy League schools were already so minuscule that this year’s decreases are only a matter of decimals: Princeton fell from 6.1% to 5.5%, Penn admitted just 8.4% in 2018 versus 9.1% last year, and Harvard said yes to just 4.6% of applicants after welcoming 5.2% in 2017. After a slight bump in 2017 due to increasing the number of students on campus, Yale’s arrow turned downward once again with a 6.3% acceptance rate. Brown and Columbia’s rates shrunk as well—from 8.3 to 7.2% and 5.8 to 5.5%, respectively.Dartmouth shed their double-digit acceptance rate of 2017, falling to 8.7%. Cornell stayed in the double-digits, but only by a hair. The university welcomed 10.3% of applicants in 2018 compared to 12.5% in 2017.Other elite instituti ons The more dramatic drops took place at other prestigious non-Ivies. For example, NYU’s acceptance rate plummeted from 28% to 19% in a single year. Villanova’s admit rate went down by 7 percentage points, Boston College’s dropped by 5%, USC’s fell 3 points to just 13%. Stanford maintained their â€Å"lowest acceptance rate† status at 4.3%. MIT went down a touch to 6.7%. Overall, these numbers send a clear indication that the cutthroat competition to get into the nation’s top college and universities continues to trend upward.State universitiesThe aforementioned Ivy League and other elite colleges have all experienced steadily climbing application numbers in recent years. It is important to understand, however, that this trend can also be seen a state universities all across the United States.The University of California system was inundated with applicants in 2018, resulting in many being rejected from what they (and their counselors) firm ly believed were safety schools. Berkeley and UCLA have long been recognized as highly-selective schools, but this year three other campuses, San Diego, Irvine, and Santa Barbara, were deluged with six figures worth of applications. Riverside applications spiked more than 12%. In response, students interested in attending the UC system will have to recalibrate their expectations, acknowledging that the entire network of schools is now on whole new plane of selectivity.Back in 2006, the University of Washington received roughly 16,000 applications; in 2018 they received 46,000. The number of applications to the University of Florida, UConn, Maryland, and the University of North Carolina all soared as well. In fact. the UNC system, with its many branch campuses, experienced a similar phenomenon to what occurred in California’s state system. An influx of applications caused many students to be rejected from branch campuses that they expected, based on last year’s cycle, t o be safety schools.Is it actually getting harder? Just because a particular school’s application numbers go up and admit rate goes down, doesn’t necessarily mean that it is becoming more difficult to get into that institution. After all, some of the shrinking admission percentages are attributable to the ongoing upward trend of teens applying to more schools. It is essential to look in-depth at the academic profile of admitted students at a given university to see if a diminishing rate of admission is truly indicative of swelling competition.For example, applications at Bates College rose a staggering 45% between 2017 and 2018. Yet, the profile of admitted students (SAT/ACT, GPA, etc.) did not change significantly. On the other hand, NYU received a record 75,000 applications in 2018 and also became more selective. The average SAT for a member of the class of 2022 was 1440; four years ago, the average SAT for the class of 2018 was 1340.School-specific data of this natu re (among a wealth of other information) can be found within the College Transitions Dataverse, an easy-to-use, advertisement-free resource.How to set yourself apartTeens applying to selective schools need to ensure that the application they submit is a worthy representation of their unique talents and achievements. College Transitions can help. In the last decade, our experts have helped to guide thousands of students into the college of their dreams. We offer a host of services including: college list development, essay and personal statement review, interview prep, resume construction, application and positioning strategies, and so much more.

Negative Effects Of Puritan Culture On American Society

As the sky mimics the bleakness of ash and the life below it reflects the same somber manner, the air reeks of agony, angst, and anguish. Throughout the town, people wear solemn expressions on their faces as they see their loved ones slaughtered —day after day. They are enduring a nightmare with the fear of being accused of witchcraft. They are living during the corrupt time of the Salem witch trials. Thomas Satterwhite Noble’s oil painting â€Å"The Witch Hill,† which typifies the mood described above, depicts a young woman being escorted to her execution because she has been accused of witchcraft. Looking at this work, it becomes clear that this alleged witch is a regular woman with a regular life. Her soft eyes suggest that she is innocent.†¦show more content†¦Once in the New World, John Winthrop established the Massachusetts Bay Colony (â€Å"The Puritans†). Within this self-governed colony, Puritans continued practicing such religious belief s as predestination—the idea that God has determined everyone’s fate since birth and their damnation or salvation cannot be changed (Campbell). Puritans later used this as justification for the execution of dozens of accused witches. Within this Puritan community, witch hysteria arose in 1692—the Salem Witch Trials. However, the common misconception is that many believed that the witch trials only took place in Salem. In fact, there were more people accused of witchcraft in other towns, such as Andover (Norton). In Salem, the witch crisis began when two young girls, Elizabeth Parris and Abigail Williams, suffered from uncontrollable fits and violent behavior, which led to the suspicion of that these children were under Satan’s influence (Frost-Knappman). Paris and Williams accused three women of bewitching them- Tituba, Sarah Good, and Sarah Osborne- who were promptly arrested (Salem Witch Trials and Executions). From there, the witch madness spread wit hin the community. Tituba, a slave, confessed to witchcraft and pointed fingers at other women in the Salem community. Full of fear, the governor of Massachusetts, William Phips demanded trials to be issued for these witchcraft cases. As aShow MoreRelatedIsolation In The Scarlet Letter1220 Words   |  5 PagesIn the 17th century, Puritan society arose in New England as one that was governed by its religious views, and thus was a deterministic one. Nathaniel Hawthorne illustrates this in his novel The Scarlet Letter, in which the characters Hester, Dimmesdale, Pearl, and Chillingworth are alienated by society. Although many of their griefs are a result of the characters’ own actions, the purpose of Hawthorne’s text is to highlight how sorrowful and constrained life can be in a society governed by determinismRead MoreExploratons and Colonization of North and South America Essay examples916 Words   |  4 PagesExploration and colonization of North and South America we re ultimately not beneficial in the 15th and 16th centuries because it wiped out many cultures and did more harm than good. First of all, the Europeans forcibly converted the Natives to Christianity. This had a great negative impact because it resulted in the loss of native cultures. Over time, many Native American languages started to disappear from common use and English took over. Many may argue that colonization and exploration were important becauseRead MoreBreastfeeding The Perfect Infant Food Essay1672 Words   |  7 Pagesbreastfeeding their children is timeless. 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Reed’s examples of the failings of other societies thatRead MoreThe Temperance Movement Of Antebellum America708 Words   |  3 PagesTemperance Movement in Antebellum America was one of the largest moral reforms of in 1800s. Several members of the community fought for the prohibition of alcohol, rather than just limiting the about being consumed. However, â€Å"many farmers argued that the society and its desire to eradicate King Alcohol—as temperance advocates often termed alcoholic beverages—were a scheme to deprive the people of their liberty. Starting with main in the 1851, twelve states and territories outlawed the consumptions of alcoholRead MoreDifferences Between Latin And North America1279 Words   |  6 Pagesto the disparity between Spanish and English culture. Both Latin and North America are different, due to the Spanish and English ideals implemented in each area. The way of life in both regions are very different. 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Supposedly every individual is endowed with the right of freedom, equality, and of seeking for happiness, but Native Americans were treated irrationally. From the discovery of America, to the founding fathers and settlers, the treatment and attitude towards Native Americans has been unsettling at best. TheRead MoreHistory 1301 Exam 1 Review1673 Words   |  7 PagesColumbian Exchange affected both world in many ways. For Europe, it brings avocado, potato, tomato, corn, beans, tobacco, turkeys as positive effects and the negative effect are diseases like tuberculosis and syphilis. For North America, positive effects: coffee beans, olive, banana, sugar cane, grape, sheep, pig, horse. And the negative effects impact North America are: smallpox, chickenpox, measles etc†¦ * Name four groups of people who migrated to British North America in the 17th

The Pros and Cons of Capital Punishment Essay - 855 Words

The Pros and Cons of Capital Punishment Since the mid 1900’s, capital punishment has brought many individuals into many diverse view points throughout the years. Capital punishment is a way of punishing a convict by killing him or her because of the crime he or she committed. Capital punishment will always have its pros and cons. There are opponents who absolutely disagree with capital punishment. And then there are advocates who support the idea. In the advocates view point, capital punishment is a way to minimize the threat in the world today. In the opponent’s point of view, opponents disagree with capital punishment, because of the high expenses it brings to the states. Also, opponents argue that capital punishment†¦show more content†¦The opponent’s view things quite differently, they disagree with capital punishment because of the amount of money it actually takes to proceed with the procedure. They believe that it is highly expensive and such money is not necessary. They prefer to abolish the capital punishment laws within their government because not only is it too expensive but it also contradicts the government because they are killing their own citizens. California is a state that carries the capital punishment law, and California uses ninety million a year of the government and state’s money to pay for executions annually. Therefore, opponents in the states that do have the capital punishment law believe that they should spend their tax money on other projects rather than millions a year on citizens who commit horrendous crimes. Also, another reason they disagree with capital punishment is because of the innocent individuals that actually wait on death row. There are many innocent people who are consequently found guilty and are sentenced to a death penalty. Some individuals wait on death row for ten to twenty years and waste their life there. This happens to the innocent convicts either because of the lawyers they received. Many are poor and live in low income families where they cannot afford good lawyers, but receive fairly â€Å"green† lawyers. Some lawyers are even found to daze offShow MoreRelatedPros And Cons Of Capital Punishment1608 Words   |  7 Pageswhere capital punishment is legal. As of April 2016, there have been 1,431 executions in the United States, but the number of executions in recent years has been steadily decreasing (Timmons 2017). The death penalty can be put up for moral debate, and one can ask oneself whether the death penalty is ever morally permissible. There are so me pros and cons to having capital punishment. For example, deterrence and prevention are good reasons to have the death penalty, but, in reality, the cons far outweighRead MorePros And Cons Of Capital Punishment1237 Words   |  5 PagesPros and Cons of Capital Punishment INTRODUCTION Each year there are around 250 people added to death row and 35 executed. The death penalty is the most severe method of penalty enforced in the United Sates today. Once a jury has condemned a criminal of a crime they go to the following part of the trial, the punishment phase. If the jury recommends the death penalty and the judge coincides, then the criminal will face some form of execution. Lethal injection is the most common process of executionRead MorePros And Cons Of Capital Punishment1319 Words   |  6 PagesPeople and courts often justify capital punishment as society’s moral duty to safeguard the safety and well-being of its citizens. According to Miriam-Webster, capital punishment is the practice of killing people as punishment for serious crimes. Murder is the unlawful killing of another human being. There is much controversy in the punishment of offenders who have committed murder. It is the maximum sentence a person can receive if the crime of murder is com mitted. Some would say it is inhumaneRead MorePros And Cons Of Capital Punishment1303 Words   |  6 PagesCapital Punishment: The Benefits and Downfalls Taylor M. Osborne Charleston Southern University Abstract The following essay explores the pros and cons of capital punishment. A brief history of how capital punishment was introduced into modern society is included. Various resources have been used for research which include online articles, studies, and textbook references. This paper suggests the costs of capital punishment to be very high, but brings closure and justice to families, and evenRead MorePros And Cons Of Capital Punishment1471 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Capital punishment is one of the most controversial ethical issues that our country faces these days. Capital punishment is the legal penalty of death for a person that has performed heinous acts in the eyes of the judicial system. Discussion on whether capital punishment is humane or considered cruel and unusual punishment has been the main issue this of debate for years. Recent discussion goes far beyond the act itself but now brings into question whether medical personal shouldRead MorePros and Cons of Capital Punishment3687 Words   |  15 Pages1.  Morality PRO: The crimes of rape, torture, treason, kidnapping, murder, larceny, and perjury pivot on a moral code that escapes apodictic [indisputably true] proof by expert testimony or otherwise. But communities would plunge into anarchy if they could not act on moral assumptions less certain than that the sun will rise in the east and set in the west. Abolitionists may contend that the death penalty is inherently immoral because governments should never take human life, no matter what theRead MoreEssay on The Pros and Cons of Capital Punishment1208 Words   |  5 PagesThe topic of capital punishment is one that is highly debated in our society today. Capital punishment is the ultimate punishment our society can give one for their actions. On the other hand, it is viewed as a denial of human rights that promotes more violence in our society. Religious Tolerance.org states that in the United States, over 13,000 people have been legally executed since colonial times. (Religious Tolerance) Is capital punishment a moral act? It is not a moral punishment as it deniesRead MoreDeath Penalty: The Pros and Cons of Capital Punishment Essay527 Words   |  3 Pagesto you about these problems with the death penalty in my paper. Everyone should ask themselves what they believe. Do you believe that by killing people using the death it will save lives. The death penalty is called capital punishment. You get sentenced with capital punishment for really bad crimes. Some of the ways they do the death penalty are with lethal injection, deadly gas. In some of the foreign countries they will kill people that have been given the death penalty by a firing squadRead MoreCapital Punishment Essay667 Words   |  3 PagesAdvent Catholic Encyclopedia, Capital Punishment is the infliction by due legal process of the penalty of death as a punishment for crime. Capital Punishment, also known as, the Death Penalty has been around for centuries. The first established death penalty laws dat e as far back as the Eighteenth Century B.C. in the Code of King Hammaurabi of Babylon, which codified the death penalty for 25 different crimes (www.deathpenaltyinfo.org). Not only is Capital Punishment ancient, it is highly controversialRead MoreBureau Of Justice Statistics : The United States Primary Source For Criminal Justice1439 Words   |  6 PagesCapital Punishment. Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS). U.S. Department of Justice. 25 Nov. 2014. Web. Web. 25 Nov. 2014. Bureau of Justice Statistics is the United States primary source for criminal justice statistics. The website has published information on crime, criminal offenders, victims of crime, and the operation of justice systems at all levels of government. According to Bureau of Justice Statistics, â€Å"The Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) is a component of the Office

Critical Discourse Analysis free essay sample

In CDA, the concept of ‘critical’ is applied to the engagement with power relations. In this sense the role of CDA is to uncloak the hidden power relations, largely constructed through language, and to demonstrate and challenge social inequities reinforced and reproduced. The term ‘discourse’ is used to talk about language in use, or the way language is used in a social context to ‘enact’ activities and identities (James Gee 1990). In terms of analysis, the critical discourse analyst’s job is not to simply read political and social ideologies onto a text but to consider the various ways in which a text could have been written and what these alternatives imply for ways of representing and understanding the world and to consider the social actions that are determined by these ways of thinking. Critical discourse analysis (CDA) is an interdisciplinary approach to the study of discourse that views language as a form of social practice and focuses on the ways social and political domination are reproduced in text and talk. (http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Critical_discourse_analysis) CDA regards `language as social practice and takes consideration of the context of language use to be crucial (Fairclough and Wodak, 1997; Wodak, 2000c; Benke, 2000). Huckin (1997) defines CDA as â€Å"a relatively new approach to analyzing language or texts available to the second language teacher and researcher†. For Van Dijk (1998), CDA is â€Å"a type of discourse analytical research that primarily studies the way social power abuse, dominance and inequality are enacted, reproduced and resisted by text and talk in the social and political context†. Chouliaraki and Fairclough (1999) argued that CDA needs to be understood as both a theory and a method that offers â€Å"not only a description and interpretation of discourses in social context but also offers an explanation of why and how discourses work†. Before engaging in CDS, it is useful to pay attention to a frequent misconception about CDA which considers CDS as a method of analysis or research. Rather, CDS is: an academic movement of a group of socially and politically committed scholars, or, more individually, a socially critical attitude of doing discourse studies. Thus, discourse analysis is NOT a method of research, but rather a (cross-) discipline. It is no more than the general academic activity of studying discourse. Such a study can be carried by a large number of different methods. Another important point needs to be mentioned here is that CDA is not yet a complete approach, so it cannot by itself produce a complete comprehensive analysis of a text. Fowler (1996) argued that: if linguistic criticism now enjoys a certain academic standing, it is not to say that it is completed as a theory of language or an instrumentality of linguistics or even half-way satisfactory. Van Dijk (1996) also claimed that â€Å"since CDA is not a specific direction of research, it does not have a unitary theoretical framework†. Dijk (1998) also argued that the ideas or tools found in CDA may be found in other disciplines and that CDA is like any analysis depends on our purposes and aims, but what is different about CDA is that â€Å"it aims to offer a different mode or perspective of theorizing, analysis and application throughout the whole field of discourse studies†. Huckin (1997) agreed with Fowler and Dijk as for him CDA is not a linguistic theory and therefore it does not provide a complete grammar of syntactic, phonological, or other linguistic elements for any particular language. Nor does it aim to describe any particular text in exhaustive detail. Instead, it tries to point out those features of a text that are most interesting from a critical perspective. Huckin (1997) also believes that there are no specific tools for doing a critical discourse analysis of a certain text or speech, rather language critics have to choose from the linguistic textbooks or the books of discourse analysis the tools that would help them to reach their critical goals. 2. 1. 3. The functions and aims of CDA: Van Dijk (1993) argued that â€Å"CDA deal primarily with the discourse dimensions of power abuse and the injustice and inequality that result from it†. He (1993) added that CDA criticize â€Å"the power elites that enact, sustain, legitimate, condone or ignore social inequality and injustice† and that CDA focuses on â€Å"real problems, that is the serious problems that threaten the lives or well-being of many†. Such a critique of discourse â€Å"implies a political critique of those responsible for its perversion in the reproduction of dominance and inequality†. He (1996) also clarified that: one of the crucial tasks of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is to account for the relationships between discourse and social power. more specifically, such an analysis should describe and explain how power abuse is enacted, reproduced or legitimized by the text and talk of dominant groups or institutions. Huckin (1997) pointed out that â€Å"the primary activity of critical discourse analysis is the close analysis of written or oral texts that are deemed to be politically or culturally influential to a given society†. Carter (1997) argued that the major aim of CDA is to â€Å"uncover the insinuation of ideology and the imposition of power into texts through uses of language which ordinarily readers of texts do not notice. † (Quoted in Farag, 2003, p. 117). CDA aims to illuminate the ways in which the dominant forces in a society construct versions of reality that favour their interests. By unmasking such practices, CDA scholars aim to support the victims of such oppression and encourage them to resist and transform their lives (Foucault, 2000). The aim of CDA is to investigate hidden power relations in a text and have an especial interest in uncovering inequalities, power relations, injustices, biases, etc. (Corson, 2000). CDA aims at investigating â€Å"the subtle ways in which unequal power relations are maintained and reproduced through language use† (Weninger 2008:145). 2. 1. 4. The main tenets of CDA: Van Dijk (2001) clarified that critical research on discourse needs to satisfy a number of requirements in order to effectively realize its aims: 1. CDA research has to be better than other research in order o be accepted. It focuses primarily on, social problems and political issues, rather than on current paradigms and fashions. 3. Empirically adequate critical analysis of social problems is usually multidisciplinary. 4. Rather than merely describe discourse structures, it tries to explain them in terms of properties of social interaction and especially social structure. 5. More specifically, CDA focuses on the ways discourse structures enact, confirm, legitimate, reproduce, or challenge relations of power and dominance in society. He (2001) mentioned that the typical vocabulary of many scholars in CDA will feature such notions as power, dominance, hegemony, ideology, class, gender, race, discrimination, interests, reproduction, institutions, social structure, and social order, besides the more familiar discourse analytical notions. He (2001) also referred to Fairclough and Wodak’s summary of the main tenets of CDA: 1. CDA addresses social problems 2. Power relations are discursive 3. Discourse constitutes society and culture 4. Discourse does ideological work 5. Discourse is historical 6. The link between text and society is mediated 7. Discourse analysis is interpretative and explanatory 8. Discourse is a form of social action. While Fairclough (2000) identifies three central tenets of CDA namely, ‘social structure’ (class, status, age, ethnic identity and gender); ‘culture’ (the generally accepted norms of behavior in the society); and ‘discourse’ (the words we use). The goal of CDA is to determine the relationship between these three central tenets.